Carbureter



n. A. vvDUFF. CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR- 25.1913.

1,193,880. Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I. k

a; 3 Z :35 4f @i 7 y 'ff Z P 3:5' E a o o g Y a y 3\ gz r 14,71

3f 5 l //f 4/,L

44p Z JZ -fd 43 'zZ-f"- lfd d of. A 47 4f entor Attorneys R. A. DUFF.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATlvoN FILED APR. 25, 1913.

Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ventor Atto rn eys En. snaar-Es, Aralar erwies.

.RALPH A. DUFF, or NEBRASKA CITY, NEBRASKA.

CABBURETER.

.citizen of the United States, residing. at Nebraska City, in the county of Otoe and State of Nebraska, have invented a new and useful Carbureter, of vwhich the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in carbureters, one object of the invention being the provision of a carbureter having means whereby a volatile fluid hydrocarbon, such as petrol or gasolene is primarily and in the proper proportion mixed with the air, supplied through the carbureter to the manifold of an engine, the same being increased to the desired maximum before the introduction of a lless volatile fluid hydrocarbon, such as kerosene, such less volatile fluid hydrocarbon being introduced in the proper proportion and quantity according to the load of the engine, there being further means provided for introducing streams or atomizing sprays of water with the explosive mixture composed of the less volatile fluid hydrocarbon at approximately the same time that the mixture composed of the more volatile fluid hydrocarbon 1s cutout.

A further object is the provision of means whereby three fluids are controlled to be supplied in succession and to be discontinued in a similar succession, the more volatile fluid hydrocarbon being the initial one to be introduced :1nd the final one to be cut out.

A still furtherl object of the present invention is the prov1s1on of manually conl trolled means whereby all of the various fluid controlling devices are operated by a single mechanism and b which the various mechanisms for permitting the introduction of such fluid is instantly controlled to produce the desired mixture, and speed.

With the foregoing and other objects in proceeds, the .invention resides in ,lleqsombination and arrangement of parts and 1n the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without ldeparting from the spirit of the invention.

.In the drawings-Figure 1 is a side ele- Specieation of Letters Patent.

of the present invention ymember 1 at a point the descriptiony Patented Aug. 8, 19136.

Application led April 2,5, 1913. Seri-al No. y763,685.

vation of the complete carbureter taken from the operating side thereof. Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow, the remaining portion of the carbureter being in elevation. Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig, 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 1s a side elevation taken from the opposite side to Fig. 1. Fig. 5 fis a view partly in elevation and section longitudinally through the kerosene and water supplying mechanism. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the water supplying device. Fig. 7 is a section taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 1 showing the adjustability of one of the segmental gears.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 'l designates the main carbureted air directing member which is adapted to be connected to the manifold of an explosive envalve 2, mounted upon the 4shaft 3, whose stem is extended upon both sides of the`r member 1 and carries upon its front end the toothed mutilated ygear or segment 4, by means of which the shaft and butterfly valve are operated, aswill presently appear.

The port 5 is formed in one wall of'the above the butterfly valve 2, and connected to the member 1 adjacent the port 5 is the casting 6 for supporting thel horizontally Adisposed cylindrical casing 7. This casing 7 is provided with the two diaphragms 8, which with the apron or diaphragm 8 divides the space, asclearly illustrated in Fig.v 2, into two mixing compartments 9 and 9 respectively. Formed in the lower wall of the casing 7 is a longitudinal air admitting port 10, while mounted for oscillation within the casing 7 is a the casing 7, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1,

cylindrical air valve 11, the same being pro and carries the toothed segment l5 and the p depending toothed segment 16, the segment 15 being in mesh with the segment 4 of the butterfly valve, so that the same is controlled therefrom and controls the fluid hydrocarbon control member as will presently,

appear.

'A longitudinally disposed rib 17 is pros toothed segment which is in mesh at all i times with vthe segment 16, so that the valvejected through the lower open end of the casing 7 and is provided with three ports 18, one of which is provided with the normally open nozzle 19 and with the two valve controlled nozzles 20, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. Each of the ports carrying the nozzles 20 is provided with a valye l21, whose operating point is projected out of the lower end of the port into the chamber 31, a bore 23 for the passage ofthe gasolene being provided in each valve While the spring 24 holds the'valve seated withjthe operating point thereof projected to be 4placed in engagement with the upper recessed portion 28 of the cylindrical operating portion 27 of 'the valve controlling member 26. This member .26, 'as before de-` scribed, is mounted in the cylindrical portion 25 and carries the stem- 29 upon one end, the same being projected to'carry the controlling member 26 is operated in consonance withf the air valve 411.

In order that the hydrocarbon fluid, such.

as petrol or gasolene may be supplied to thev valve controlled nozzles'20, the float controlled member 33 is provided, the same being in communication with the chambers 31 and 25 through the connection 34. The drain cock 32 is provided in the sediment chamber 31. It will thus be seen` that through the chambers 9-9, the properly proportioned carbureted air is supplied -to and through the port 5 into the upper end of the distributing member l above the butterfly valve 2, the valve 11 at the time of the initial supplying of the carbureted air formed by the morev volatile fluid as for instance petrol or gasolene, being rotated in the direction of the arrow, Fig. .3, theport 12 in registration with the chambers 9 9 and the port 5, vand port 13 in registration with the port 10, it being gradually opened as the amount/of carbureted air is supplied and during also the beginning of the supply of the kerosene or less volatile mixture, as will presently appear. vA screw 5 is disposed to regulate the area of the port 5, and` is manipulated by a screw driver or other instrument.

In order to provide a neans whereby kerosene will be properly supplied and thoroughly mixed in the present chamber, the horizontally disposed cylindrical enlargement 35 is formed upon the lower end of the member 1 and is provided upon opposite sides near the bottom thereof with the two longitudinally disposed air ports 36 and 36. The main delecting member 37 is disposed centrally of the chamber 35 and longitudinally thereof, the same being formed with the projecting rib 37 from the lower end thereof which with the two auxiliary deflectors 38 and 38', provide the two Y into the channels 39-39.

Disposed longitudinally of and at the lower portion of the chamber 35, is a rib 40,

which as shown is provided with thel two sets 41 and 41"l of diverging fluid supplying nozzles, the outlet ends of which are disposed at a point above the lower end of the auxiliary deflectors 38-38 into the lower ends ofthe two mixing channels 39-39 formed thereby, the rib 37 of the member 37 being disposed between the two sets, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 3. These nozzles 41-41a are provided with valves 42, which are constructed similarly to the valve construction as used inconnection with the nozzles 20, 'their lower ends being projected to be controlled by the oscillatory valve actuating cylinder 43, mounted in the cham- -ber 49,` which primarily receives the kerosene or other less volatile iuid for the introduction thereof through the nozzles 41--41a into 'themixi-n'g casing 35. A stem 44 is carried'by the valve controlling member-43 and' exteriorly of the casing 49 is provided with the toothed segment 45, which is the operating means for lthe member, as will valve controlling member 43, the desired amount thereof will be supplied to the various sets of nozzles 41-415L and in succession and in proportion to the amount of air admitted through the respective ports 36-36 The cylinder controlling member 43 is constructed similarly to the member 26, the

same having recessed portions 43 for controlling the respective valves 42 so that said valves are opened one at a time in succession, all of them being opened when the air `valves 36-36 are fully opened and the engine is operating under full speed and power. A drain cock 50 is provided with the compartment 49 so that any sediment may be withdrawn therefrom. i

The cylindrical valve 51 which is constructed somewhat similarly. to the valve 11 is mounted for oscillation within the member or chamber 35, the same being provided with the ports 51"', 52 and 53, the port 52 being the port which is adapted to register primarily with the port 36 of the casing 35 so that the nozzles 41a are the first nozzles to be opened and brought into play, the supply of air and the streams of fluid being injected into the channel 39 while the continued operation of thevalve 5l will bring the :ramasse port 53 into registration with the port 36', at which time all of the nozzles 41 will be opened so that the full supply of fluid will be admitted to the channels 39-39 and two streams of air will be`also passing'through the said channels to be inter-mixed with the sprayed fluid. The port 51a is in registration with the carbureted air directing member 1 at all times.

In order to properly operate the air controlling member 51, of thekerosene supplying member and also the valve operating member 43 in consonance,ithe stem 54 of the air controlling member 51 has connected upon its outer end the segment 55, which is in mesh at all times with the segment 45, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1, while the Ytoothed segment 56 thereof extending in opposite direction is in mesh at alltimes with the toothed segment 4 of the butterfly valve This segment 4 constitutes as before described, the means for operating the air controlling valve 11 and the mixing valve 26 thereof. These toothed segments are so constructed and arranged, that the initial movement of the lever 57, will operate 4the gear 4 at a more rapid speed than the toothed segment 45, such toothed segment or gear 4 operating the toothed segment 15 which through the segments 16 and 30 will primarily open the valve 11 andvoperate the gasolene controlling member 26 so that the carbureted air formed by the more volatile fluid, such as gasolene, will be primarily introduced through the port 5 into the upper end of the member 1. A continued movement of the leverl 57, will finally place the port 12 of the member 11 out of registration with the port 5, at which time the nozzles 20 will be cut off, and that previous to this, the valve 51 has been operated so that the port 52 thereof is in communication with the port 36 of the member 35, and the first nozzle 41a has been opened, the nozzles of such set being gradually opened one at a time, so that by the time the full set is opened, the gasolene controlling valves of the nozzles 20 will have been closed and thus no carbureted air formed by the gasolene will be introduced into the member l. Simultaneously with the operation of the member 43 and valve 51, the butterfly valve 2 is opened, so as to permit of the proper introduction of the explosive mixture formed by the less volatile fluid, as kerosene, through the member into the manifold. As the lever 57 is continued in its movement,both sets of the nozzles 41--41a are brought into play, while both ports 36-36 of the casing 35 are opened, so that a full supply of the carbureted air from the less volatile fluid is directed through the conduit or member 1.

lt has been found in practice that where a less volatile fluid, for instance such as kerosene is employed, the carbureted air formed therewith being a mixture that will explode prematurely, a better explosive mixture is produced, when it has mixed therewith a small amount of water. It has also been found that it is best to supply the same during the atomization of the kerosene, and in order to provide a carbureter which includes this feature, the main deiector 37 is provided with the longitudinal bore 58,- in which is mounted for oscillation, the hollow water directing member 59, the same being provided with the ports a which as will presently appear are adapted to be brought into play with the respective water nozzles 67 carried bythe main deflector 37 at the extreme upper end thereof and longitudinally across the lower end of the inlet of the member 1.

The water controlling valve or member 59 is provided witha stem 60, which projects from the opposite end of the casing or member 35 to the stem 54, although in axial aline- -ment therewith. vA toothed segmentV 61 is .carried by the stem 60 and is in mesh with the toothed segment 62, which is keyed upon and carried by the rear extension of the shaft 3 s o that when the butterfly valve is operated, the stem 60 is also oscillated to cause the water controlling valve 59 to place its ports a into registration with the nozzles 67.

In order to provide a means for supplying water to the chamber of the valve 59, the float controlled reservoir 64 is provided, itsl ported connection 65 being connected to and in communication with the ported memberv 66 carried by one end of the casing 35 and in communication with the bore 58 and also the inner portion of the valve 59. Y

The ports a of the valve 59 are so disposed, that they are not brought into registration with the inlets 0f the nozzles 67, until a certain number of the valve controlled nozzles 41a are introducing the less volatile fluid into the channel 39.

It is apparent that the various toothed segments used in the present case, may be so disposed as to regulate the successive movements of the respective members 1l, 26, 2, 43 and 51, and the water controlling valve 59. e

As shown in Fig. 8, which may be taken as indicative of the mountings of the various toothed segments 15, 30, 45 and 6l, the toothed segment as for instance 45 is mounted upon the stem 44 for slight independent movement. The sleeve a is fixed to the stem 44 and its segment Z) is provided with the arcuate slot c, so that the adjusting screw (l, which enters said slot and is connected to the toothed segment 45, may lockthe toothed segment to the segment d, so that the said segments 45 will move with the stem 44 and in the desired adjusted position. lt is essential, however, that the more volatile fluid be the primary starting carbureted air means, therefore it is desirable ber 43 of the less'volatile supplying and mixing mechanism, the less volatile controlling members 11 and 26 being thrown out of play previously to the initial operation of the water controlling valve 59.

It will also be noted that when the valve l1 has been placed with its port 12 out of registration with the port 5, when the kerosene supplying mechanism is in operation, that the last port 13 will still be in regi istration with the inlet portl l0 so that no undesirable vacuum will. be produced in the casing 7 during the operation of theengine through the introduction of the mixture containing the less volatile fluid and water.

It will also be noted that when the carbureter is operated to cut off, that the various steps Will be operated in reverse order and in succession, the water being c ut off first, whileJ the supply of the less volatile mixture will be gradually diminished bringing in finally the carbureted air composed of the more volatile fluid, and finally, result in cutting off the supply thereof.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with ythe drawings, itis evident that with a carbureter constructed according to the present invention, that the usual means for -supplyingthe carbureted air composed of fluid such as kerosene, is simplified, and that the necessary successive action, and sometimesl simultaneous action between the products of the more volatile carbureted air mixing means-and the less volatile carbureted air mixing meansis produced, thus permitting the starting of the explosive engine with the carbureted air supplied from the more volatile fluid and at the proper time supplying or feeding the mixture composed of the less volatile fluid to the engine.

What is claimed is:

1. A carbureter having an explosive mixture directing member, a valve in said member, separate means for supplying explosive mixtures,y one of said means being adapted to supplya mixture at one side of the valve and the other being adapted to supply a mixture at the other side ofthe valve, and a controlling device for regulating the eX- tent and sequential order vof operation of said supplying means.

v 2. A carbureter, having an explosive mixture directing member, a v alve disposed in said member intermediate of its ends, .sepaiate consecutively operable means for sup- Flying explosive mixtures, respectively -containing fuels of relatively greater and less volatility, one of said means being located for supplying its explosive mixture abovev and the other below the valve, and a controlling device for regulating the extent and sequential order of operation of the supplying means.

3. A carbureter, having an explosive mixture directing member, a `valve disposed in said member intermediate of its ends, separate consecutively operable means for supplying explosive mixtures, respectively containing fuels. ofrelatively greater and less volatility and for cutting off such supply, one 'of said means directing its mixture abo've'andv the other below the valve, and a controllin `device for regulating the relative perio s of actuation of said supplying means and whereby the cut ed of one mixture succeeds the supply of the other.

4. A carbureter, having an explosive mixture directing member, a valve disposed in said member intermediate of its ends, separate consecutively operable means for supplying' explosive mixtures, respectively containing fuels of relatively greater and less volatility, means for adding water to one of said mixtures, and a controlling device for regulating the extent and sequential order of operation of the explosive mixture supplyinfr and the lwater adding means.

5. carbureter, having an explosive mixture directing member, a valve disposed therein intermediate of its ends, means for supplying an explosive mixture containing a volatile explosive fuel at a point above the valve, means for supplying an explosive mixture containing a less volatile fuelbelow the valve, means for consecutively operating the two supplying means and for operating the valve, whereby one supplying ture directing member, a valve disposed therein intermediate of its ends, means for supplying an explosive mixture containing a volatileex-plosive fuel at a point above the valve, means for supplying an explosive mixture containing a less volatile fuel beloW the valve, means for adding water with the exlosive' mixture containing a less volatile fuel, and means for consecutively operating the two explosive mixture supplying means and the water adding means. l

7. A carbureter, havingan explosive mixture directing member, a valve disposed therein intermediate vof its ends, means for supplying an explosive mixture containing a volatile explosive fuel lat a point above the valve, means for supplyiny an explosive mixture containing a less vo atile fuel below the valve, means for adding water with the explosive mixturecontaining a less volatile fuel, means for `consecutively operating the two explosive mixture supplying means and the Water adding means, whereby one explosive mixture supplying means is operizo I ated and a lapping action is produced between it and the other supplying means, and whereby the water adding means is brought into operation at a time during the operation of the second explosive mixture supplying means.

8. A carbureter, having means for gradually supplying an explosive mixture containing a volatile fuel, a second means for gradually supplying an explosive mixture containing a less volatile fuel, means interposed between the rst and second means to cause one to be operated through the other, and a controlling device for one of the supplying means consecutively operating both of said means to regulate the lgradual action and sequential order of operation of said supplying means.

9. A carbureter, having means for gradually supplying an explosive mixture containing a volatile fuel, a second means for gradually supplying an explosive mixture contaming a transmission means between the two supplying means, and a controlling device operating upon one of the supplying means for consecutively operating both of said means to regulate the gradual action and sequential order of operation of said supplying means,

whereby before one explosive mixture is en-v tirely cut off, thel other explosive mixture is supplied.

less volatile fuel, a connecting quential order of operation of the mixture supplying and water adding means.

11. A carbureter, having means for supplyin an explosive mixture containing a volati e fuel, means for supplying another explosive mixture containing a less volatile fuel, means for adding water to one of the mixtures, and a controlling device for cutting on and oii Vthe respective mixture supplyin land 'water adding means whereby the H cut Ao of one mixture succeeds the'supply of the other and whereby the water is added and cut oli after the cutting in and before the cutting o of one of the mixture supplying means.

In 'testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aiiixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

l RALPH A. DUFF.

Witnesses:

l'SELINA LWILLSON,

I. EQSIMPsoN, 

